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Enhancements and Modifications to the Full Equations Utilities (FEQUTL) Model, March 1995 to August 1999.
Note: This document is separate from the U.S. Geological Survey report by Franz and Melching (1997). This description of enhancements and modifications to the Full Equations Utilities Model has not been approved by the Director of the U.S. Geological Survey.

Input description update for section 5.5, CULVERT command, Franz and Melching (1997b), p.91


Section 5.5 CULVERT Command


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CULVERT COMMAND

Purpose: Flows through culverts and over an associated roadway are computed in this command by use of methods outlined in section 4.2. A 2-D table of type 13 is computed in this command. Only standard culverts and small deviations from standard culverts can be represented with the CULVERT command. Culverts with drop inlets or other special structural features that are uncommon in practice cannot be analyzed with the CULVERT command.

LINE 1

Variable: TABLE
Format: 7X, I5
Example: TABLE#= 9900
Explanation:
Gives table number of the two-dimensional function table computed for the flows through the culvert.

LINE 2

Variable: CHAR4, TABTYP, FLAP
Format: A4, 1X, I5, 1X, 9X, F5.0
Example: TYPE= 13 FLAPGATE=1.2

Explanation:
Specifies the table type. Types 6 and 13 are currently supported in FEQ. Both contain the same information but type 13 is more compact, takes less table storage space, and is easier to read. Type 13 should be used unless there is some strong reason to prefer type 6. FLAG is an optional positive value that requests adding flapgate losses to the departure reach of the culvert. If FLAP=0.0, the default value if FLAPGATE is omitted, then no losses are added. If FLAPGATE is greater than zero, then the value given is a multiplier on the internal loss computations. A multiplier of 1.0 requests a loss for what approximates a medium duty gate. A heavy duty gate is somewhat heavier and the losses are probably larger. Losses from flapgates have not been studied to any extent and there is little in the literature about such losses. Their effect seems to be reasonably small although few measurements are available.

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